Supervisor : Salma Hassan El-Ashry, Amira Galal Ismail.EL-Said, Nancy Magdy Mohamed,2022-01-172022-03-272022-01-172022-03-272020.EG-CaMIUThs322https://iorep.miuegypt.edu.eg/handle/20.500.13071/72DISSERTATION NOTE-Degree type M.Sc.DISSERTATION NOTE-Name of granting institution Misr International University, Faculty of Oral and Dental MedicineIncludes Arabic Summary.Includes bibliographic references (pages 115-133)Obturation of root canal complex is the most essential step in successful root canal therapy. It is described as "the three dimensional closure of the entire root canal system adapted to the cement-dentinal junction as close as possible". For an appropriate and acceptable root canal fluid tight seal; Small volume of sealers which are biologically compatible are used along with gutta percha core at apical, lateral and coronal sections of root canal system. New obturating material has been developed in Endodontics to enhance the sealing of the root canal system. Bio-ceramics were introduced; bioceramics are calcium silicate based material which exhibit excellent biocompatibility properties due to their similarity with biological hydroxyapatite, .bioceramics also have the ability to achieve excellent hermetic seal, form a chemical bond with the tooth structure and have good radio-opacity antibacterial properties as a result of precipitation in situ after setting. Total fill as one of the advances in bioceramics; it is bioceramic impregnated gutta percha with a premixed bioceramic sealer. It was claimed that the calcium phosphate-based system made for a more consistent and tighter adaptation to the dentinal walls as compared to gutta-percha. Total Fill BC sealer has higher qualities and handling abilities that prevents its shrinkage during setting and hardens in the presence of moisture. The wetting ability of the sealer is due to the small particle size, hydro-philicity and low contact angle; these properties enable the sealer to easily distribute in the dentinal tubules. It also shows a significant expansion of 0.20 percent. These characteristics create a gapless chemical bond between the sealer and dentinal walls. It is worth to study and evaluate the bond strength, the adaptation and effect of different volume of sealers on these properties.138 pages : illustrations, 26 cm +textapplication/pdfengEndodonticstext